Is it pissible to fill the crater with muscle?
A
Crater Deformity Complication after gynecomastia surgery is a term I coined years ago to describe the terrible results I have seen from other doctors misadventures when the skin is adherent to the underlying muscle / areola. The extend of the defect can vary from a subtle depression to no fat left at all. It can vary in extent from just a surgically caused
inverted nipple to involving the entire chest as shown in this
example of bad scarring after over aggressive liposuction of the male chest. The deformity is one of missing fat. Replacing the missing tissue with muscle is not a good option. It may look good on a still photograph, but in motion, it does not. Take a look at the various movies I have posted on the craters. To fix this deformity, the missing fat is best replaced with fat. My
fat flap contouring brings fat with a blood supply from adjacent regions to fill the defect. Bringing a blood supply has a much better chance of keeping the fat cells alive.
Fat transferred by grafting frequently dies, shrinks, or firms up. I have seen so many complications from other doctors' fat grafting where the transferred fat was just as firm or firmer than typical gynecomastia gland. Filling the defect with firm fat or scar tissue does not look good on animation, flexing the muscles, and moving the arms. Now, I do not see possible successes that other doctors have done with fat grafting. However, I have seen patients who other doctors have presented at meetings with supposedly good results (on still photos). Those who have been unhappy enough to come to see me, look horrible.
When the crater deformity involves the skin stuck down to the chest, fixing the problem by removing the crater walls and fixing those sections also to the chest wall is not a good option. Check out that link to the example above on extensive liposuction deformity. However taking out even more surrounding fat, the defect can look better at rest or in a still photo. When the crater is only a relative deformity with no adherence and some fat under the nipple. Crater wall liposuction is certainly an option.
The best way to deal with this problem is prevention. Picking the right doctor for the surgery is very important. I just saw a presentation at a meeting where the doctor proudly showed how "good" his gynecomastia surgery was and the after surgery pictures were craters at rest!!!
Hope this helps,
Michael Bermant, MD
Learn More About Revision Gynecomastia and Chest Surgery